The field of AI safety considers whether and how AI development can be safe and beneficial for humans and other animals, and the field of AI welfare considers whether and how AI development can be safe and beneficial for AI systems. There is a prima facie tension between these projects, since some measures in AI safety, if deployed against humans and other animals, would raise questions about the ethics of constraint, deception, surveillance, alteration, suffering, death, disenfranchisement, and more. Is there in fact a tension between these projects? We argue that, considering all relevant factors, there is indeed a moderately strong tension—and it deserves more examination. In particular, we should devise interventions that can promote both safety and welfare where possible, and prepare frameworks for navigating any remaining tensions thoughtfully.

AI 安全领域考虑 AI 开发是否以及如何对人类和其他动物安全有益，AI 福利领域考虑 AI 开发是否以及如何对 AI 系统安全有益。这些项目之间存在表面上的紧张关系，因为人工智能安全方面的一些措施如果针对人类和其他动物部署，将引发对约束、欺骗、监视、改变、痛苦、死亡、剥夺权利等道德问题的质疑。这些项目之间真的存在紧张关系吗？我们认为，考虑到所有相关因素，确实存在适度强烈的紧张局势——它值得进一步研究。特别是，我们应该设计能够尽可能促进安全和福利的干预措施，并准备框架来深思熟虑地应对任何仍然存在的紧张局势。