Mn-Cu alloys are recognized as a promising class of high-performance damping materials, distinguished by their exceptional damping capacity (internal friction up to 0.06 after aging) and superior mechanical strength (tensile strength exceeding 500 MPa). The development of laser additive manufacturing technologies has revolutionized the fabrication of geometrically complex Mn-Cu alloy components, overcoming the limitations of conventional casting and powder metallurgy in structural design. Despite this progress, significant challenges remain, including Mn evaporation under high-energy laser irradiation and strict powder quality requirements related to particle morphology, flowability, and oxidation resistance. However, Mn is prone to volatility during laser exposure, significantly impacting the quality and performance of deposited parts. Recent studies have shown that surface modification using carbon-based additives (e.g., graphene, CNTs) can improve laser absorptivity by up to 30 %, reduce porosity, and enhance powder consolidation during additive manufacturing process. This paper reviews recent research advancements in AM of Mn-Cu alloys, delineating the powder characteristic requirements and examining the influence of AM process parameters on the mechanical and damping properties of Mn-Cu alloys. It highlights quantitative improvements in microstructure and performance, and proposes future research directions focused on mitigating Mn loss, controlling twin morphology, and elucidating phase transformation mechanisms in AM-produced Mn-Cu alloys.

中文翻译：

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Mn-Cu 阻尼合金增材制造研究进展

Mn-Cu 合金被认为是一类很有前途的高性能阻尼材料，其特点是具有出色的阻尼能力（老化后内摩擦高达 0.06）和卓越的机械强度（抗拉强度超过 500 MPa）。激光增材制造技术的发展彻底改变了几何复杂 Mn-Cu 合金部件的制造，克服了传统铸造和粉末冶金在结构设计方面的局限性。尽管取得了这些进展，但仍然存在重大挑战，包括高能激光照射下的 Mn 蒸发以及与颗粒形态、流动性和抗氧化性相关的严格粉末质量要求。然而，锰在激光照射过程中容易挥发，从而显着影响沉积部件的质量和性能。最近的研究表明，使用碳基添加剂（例如石墨烯、CNT）进行表面改性可以提高激光吸收率高达 30%，减少孔隙率，并增强增材制造过程中的粉末固结。本文综述了 Mn-Cu 合金增材制造的最新研究进展，描述了粉末特性要求，并研究了增材制造工艺参数对 Mn-Cu 合金力学和阻尼性能的影响。它强调了微观组织和性能的定量改进，并提出了未来的研究方向，重点是减轻 Mn 损失、控制孪晶形态和阐明 AM 生产的 Mn-Cu 合金的相变机制。