NiCo₂S₄ exhibits high theoretical specific capacitance, rendering it a promising candidate as an electrode material for supercapacitors. Nonetheless, inherent limitations such as low conductivity and agglomeration impair its electrochemical performance in practical applications. To address these two questions, NiCo₂S₄ nanoparticles were uniformly grown on the B/P/N/O co-doped carbon nanofiber film (CNF) to fabricate NiCo₂S₄/CNF composite film. The three-dimensional network structure of CNF exhibits high electrical conductivity and porosity, along with robust self-supporting properties. These characteristics effectively promote electron/ion transport, fully expose the active site of NiCo₂S₄, and avoid the use of conventional binders in the preparation of the electrodes. Consequently, the resultant composite film demonstrates exceptional capacitive properties. The optimized NiCo₂S₄/CNF-2 achieves a specific capacitance of 1346.1 F/g at 1 A/g and the capacitive retention of 84% at the current density from 1 A/g to 20 A/g, which is a significant improvement over NiCo₂S₄ (878.0 F/g) at 1 A/g and the capacitive retention of 66% at the current density from 1 A/g to 20 A/g and some reported composites containing nickel-cobalt sulphide. Furthermore, the charge storage dynamics of NiCo₂S₄/CNF-2 was analyzed in detail by 3D bode analysis combined with cyclic voltammetry analysis. The assembled NiCo₂S₄/CNF//CNF flexible solid-state supercapacitors show high energy/power output performance (48.9 Wh/kg at 423.2 W/kg), excellent cycling stability with 84.6% capacitive retention after 10,000 cycles at 5 A/g and good bending properties. Therefore, NiCo₂S₄/CNF composite film with high specific capacitance is a promising material for flexible energy storage devices.

中文翻译：

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生长在 B/P/N/O 共掺杂碳纳米纤维薄膜上的 NiCo2S4 纳米颗粒作为高性能柔性固态超级电容器的复合电极

NiCo ₂ S ₄ 具有较高的理论比电容，使其成为超级电容器电极材料的有前途的候选者。尽管如此，低电导率和团聚等固有限制会损害其在实际应用中的电化学性能。为了解决这两个问题，将 NiCo ₂ S ₄ 纳米颗粒均匀生长在 B/P/N/O 共掺杂碳纳米纤维薄膜 （CNF） 上，以制备 NiCo ₂ S ₄ /CNF 复合薄膜。CNF 的三维网络结构表现出高导电性和孔隙率，以及强大的自支撑性能。这些特性有效地促进了电子/离子传输，充分暴露了 NiCo ₂ S ₄ 的活性位点，并避免了在电极制备中使用常规粘合剂。因此，所得复合膜表现出优异的电容特性。优化的 NiCo ₂ S ₄ /CNF-2 在 1 A/g 时实现了 1346.1 F/g 的比电容，在 1 A/g 至 20 A/g 的电流密度下实现了 84% 的电容保持，这比 1 A/g 时的 NiCo ₂ S ₄ （878.0 F/g） 和 1 A/g 至 20 A/g 电流密度下 66% 的电容保持以及一些已报道的含有镍钴硫化物的复合材料有了显着改进。此外，通过 3D 波特分析结合循环伏安分析详细分析了 NiCo ₂ S ₄ /CNF-2 的电荷存储动力学。 组装的 NiCo ₂ S ₄ /CNF//CNF 柔性固态超级电容器具有高能量/功率输出性能（423.2 W/kg 时为 48.9 Wh/kg）、出色的循环稳定性，在 5 A/g 下循环 10,000 次后电容保持率为 84.6%，并具有良好的弯曲性能。因此，具有高比电容的 NiCo ₂ S ₄ /CNF 复合薄膜是一种很有前途的柔性储能器件材料。