This study used bamboo charcoal etched with humic acid and carbonized at high temperatures from bamboo as a particle electrode to construct a DC-HA@BC system for treating wastewater containing Mn²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺ and PFOA. The study found that within 45 minutes, the removal rates of Mn²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺ and PFOA reached their maximum, which were 95.23%, 90.07%, 84.17%, 80.47% and 91.06%, respectively. At this time, the energy consumption was only 15.71 kWh/kg Mn²⁺. Characterization analysis shows that HA@BC electrode enhances the electric field, promotes mass transfer of PFOA, reduces nucleation overpotential, accelerates the electrodeposition kinetics of cations, thereby accelerating the reduction of cations. The presence of electrochemistry accelerates the shortening of the C chain and the release of F⁻ in PFOA by promoting the activation of PMS, thereby achieving mineralization of PFOA. The results of EPR and quenching experiments indicate that HO^· and SO^·₄⁻ play a crucial role in the degradation process of PFOA. After 8 cycles, the maximum removal rates of cations and PFOA by the DC-HA@BC system only decreased by 1.33-3.376%. This indicates that the DC-HA@BC system has good stability. This study innovatively combines micro battery design and electrochemical technology, significantly improving the recovery of heavy metals and the efficient degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid, providing valuable insights for the treatment of high concentration industrial wastewater.

中文翻译：

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用于关键金属可持续回收和全氟污染物协同矿化的电位调制电催化平台：揭示多离子系统中的原子级界面动力学

本研究以腐植酸蚀刻的竹炭为原料，以竹子高温碳化为粒子电极，构建了用于处理含有 Mn ²⁺ 、Cd ²⁺ 、Ni ²⁺ 、Cu ²⁺ 和 PFOA 的废水的 DC-HA@BC 系统。研究发现，在 45 分钟内，Mn ²⁺ 、 Cd ²⁺ 、 Ni ²⁺ 、 Cu ²⁺ 和 PFOA 的去除率达到最大值，分别为 95.23%、90.07%、84.17%、80.47% 和 91.06%。此时，能耗仅为 15.71 kWh/kg Mn ²⁺ 。表征分析表明，HA@BC 电极增强了电场，促进了 PFOA 的传质，降低了成核过电位，加速了阳离子的电沉积动力学，从而加速了阳离子的还原。电化学的存在通过促进 PMS 的激活加速 PFOA 中 C 链的缩短和 F ⁻ 的释放，从而实现 PFOA 的矿化。EPR 和淬灭实验结果表明，HO ^· 和 SO ^· ₄ 在 PFOA 的降解过程中 ⁻ 起着至关重要的作用。8 次循环后，DC-HA@BC 系统对阳离子和 PFOA 的最大去除率仅下降了 1.33-3.376%。这表明 DC-HA@BC 系统具有良好的稳定性。本研究创新性地将微电池设计和电化学技术相结合，显著提高了重金属的回收率和全氟辛酸的高效降解，为高浓度工业废水的处理提供了有价值的见解。