Low reduction efficiency is a critical issue that limits the advancement of the magnesium vacuum carbothermal reduction smelting process. This investigation introduces a novel magnesium smelting process that substitutes magnesium fluoride (MgF₂) for calcium fluoride (CaF₂) as a catalyst in the vacuum carbothermal reduction of magnesium. The viability and optimal operating conditions of the new method were assessed through thermodynamic calculations of Gibbs free energy in the MgOC-MgF₂ system. Additionally, the catalytic effects of MgF₂ on the reduction of MgO were examined under different holding times in vacuum conditions. Analytical results indicated a significant improvement in the reduction efficiency of MgO upon the incorporation of MgF₂. MgF₂ serves a catalytic function in the reduction process, When F⁻ acts, it elevates the relative concentration of Mg in the reduction system and promotes the reduction reaction. Improvements in reduction efficiency are observed as the holding period duration increases and with higher concentrations of MgF₂. However, the improvement in reduction efficiency tends to plateau when the concentration exceeds 7 %. The resulting magnesium condensate exhibits a robust crystalline structure, with a purity of 79.39 %. The crystallization outcomes are influenced by the degree of reverse reactions. Compared to CaF₂, MgF₂ offers significant economic, environmental, and catalytic advantages. This process supports the goals of sustainable, green development and aligns with clean production standards in the magnesium metallurgy sector.

中文翻译：

---

氟化镁催化对氧化镁减压性能的影响

低还原效率是限制镁真空碳热还原冶炼工艺发展的关键问题。本研究介绍了一种新型镁冶炼工艺，该工艺用氟化镁 （MgF₂） 代替氟化钙 （CaF₂） 作为镁真空碳热还原的催化剂。通过对 MgO C-MgF₂ 系统中的吉布斯自由能进行热力学计算，评估新方法的可行性和最佳作条件。此外，在真空条件下，在不同保持时间下，研究了 MgF₂ 对 MgO 还原的催化作用。分析结果表明，掺入 MgF₂ 后，MgO 的还原效率显著提高。MgF₂ 在还原过程中起催化作用，当 F⁻ 作用时，它提高还原体系中 Mg 的相对浓度并促进还原反应。随着保温期持续时间的增加和 MgF₂ 浓度的增加，观察到还原效率的提高。然而，当浓度超过 7 % 时，还原效率的提高趋于稳定。所得的冷凝镁表现出坚固的晶体结构，纯度为 79.39 %。结晶结果受逆反应程度的影响。与 CaF₂ 相比，MgF₂ 具有显著的经济、环境和催化优势。该工艺支持可持续、绿色发展的目标，并符合镁冶金行业的清洁生产标准。