Clathrate hydrate desalination (CHD) is an emerging technology that generates hydrate crystals to separate salts from saline water, producing fresh water. This study explores the potential of CHD using HFC-152a as the hydrate former with synthetic produced water (SPW) containing 11.94 wt % salts. Phase equilibrium and kinetic analyses revealed that salts act as inhibitors, shifting hydrate formation to higher pressures and lower temperatures while prolonging induction times and reducing gas uptake. Energy analysis showed that total energy consumption (TEC) was primarily driven by HFC-152a compression and refrigeration, with a specific energy consumption (SEC) of 104.77 kWh/m³ at a 40% water recovery rate. Implementing HFC-152a recycling reduced TEC to 42.86 kW and SEC to 79.34 kWh/m³. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the process stability across salinities. These findings highlight CHD as a promising, energy-efficient desalination alternative. Future research should focus on optimizing parameters and addressing scaling challenges for large-scale applications.

中文翻译：

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基于 HFC-152a 的笼状水合物脱盐回收用于合成采出水的物相行为、动力学和能源效率

笼状水合物海水淡化 （CHD） 是一种新兴技术，可产生水合物晶体以从盐水中分离盐分，从而产生淡水。本研究探讨了使用 HFC-152a 作为水合物形成剂的 CHD 的潜力，合成采出水 （SPW） 含有 11.94 wt % 的盐。相平衡和动力学分析表明，盐起到抑制剂的作用，将水合物的形成转移到更高的压力和更低的温度，同时延长诱导时间并减少气体吸收。能源分析表明，总能耗 （TEC） 主要由 HFC-152a 压缩和制冷驱动，比能耗 （SEC） 为 104.77 kWh/m³，水回收率为 40%。实施 HFC-152a 回收后，TEC 降至 42.86 kW，SEC 降至 79.34 kWh/m³。敏感性分析证实了不同盐度的过程稳定性。这些发现突出了 CHD 是一种有前途的节能海水淡化替代方案。未来的研究应侧重于优化参数和解决大规模应用的扩展挑战。