Background: Synovial fluid (SF) biomarkers demonstrate time-dependent variation after acute knee injury, and it is postulated that persistently elevated inflammatory markers may mediate worse long-term outcomes. Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between biomarkers in SF at the time of meniscectomy and long-term patient-reported outcomes in patients with acute versus chronic meniscal

Background: Whether the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as an adjuvant to extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) repair in recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis (RLE) promotes tendon healing and improves clinical outcomes remains unclear. Purpose: To evaluate the tendon healing and clinical outcomes of arthroscopic ECRB repair combined with PRP injection and compared with arthroscopic ECRB repair alone

Background: The outcomes of surgical repair for traumatic avulsions of the pyramidalis, anterior pubic ligament, adductor longus complex (PLAC) remain unknown. Purpose: To report how surgical repair for PLAC injuries in professional athletes affected return to preinjury level of sporting activity, injury recurrence, patient satisfaction, functional performance, and complications. Study Design: Case

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) techniques represent a promising method to enhance the surgical repair of rotator cuff tears. To eliminate the resource-intensive process of cell isolation and culture expansion, a method to recruit endogenous MSCs was investigated in an established rat model of rotator cuff repair. Hypothesis: MSCs can be pharmacologically mobilized from the peripheral blood

Background: While both short- and long-term outcomes after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) have been reported, the predictive relationship between the two has yet to be established. Purpose: To determine whether the degree of improvement in patient-reported outcomes observed at 1 year postoperatively predicts long-term outcomes at 10 years after primary hip arthroscopy

BACKGROUND Osgood-Schlatter has, until recently, been suggested to be a benign condition, affecting adolescents in terms of knee pain and decreased sports participation during growth, with no long-term consequences seen later in adulthood. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to describe the long-term knee health in adults with a history of Osgood-Schlatter, compare these findings with healthy

Background: Medial closing wedge distal femoral osteotomy (CWDFO) is used to correct valgus deformities and manage lateral osteoarthritis (OA) and patellar dislocation (PD). However, its effect on the tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance remains debated, with limited studies evaluating contributing factors. Purpose: To determine whether TT-TG distance changes after CWDFO differ by the

Resistance training (RT) is widely regarded as the gold standard approach for enhancing muscular fitness (i.e., muscle strength, power, and muscular endurance) in youth while also providing health and physical fitness benefits traditionally associated with aerobic training (e.g., enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness, reduced body fat, improved insulin sensitivity). Additionally, while bone health can

Background: Recent literature has shown that inferior Hill-Sachs extension for on-track shoulders is predictive of recurrent instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair alone. Specifically, there is a high risk for recurrent instability when the lesion extends below the humeral equator on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging. This worrisome inferior extension has been termed “critical humeral bone

Background: Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) are synthetic derivatives of testosterone that are abused by athletes to enhance their physical appearance and performance. AAS abusers have an increased risk of tendon ruptures compared with nonusers, and it has been proposed that AASs damage tendon tissue. Only a few human studies have investigated the effect of AASs on tendon tissue, and to our knowledge

Background: Primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair (ACLPR) demonstrates promising short-term clinical outcomes in select patients; however, it remains poorly understood as to whether previously reported short-term outcomes are maintained at midterm follow-up. Purpose: To determine whether short-term (2-year) outcomes are maintained at 5 years after ACLPR, evaluate age-stratified failure and

Background: Meniscal injuries trigger a local inflammatory response mediated by intra-articular mediators. Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines can lead to cartilage degradation and subchondral bone changes, contributing to posttraumatic osteoarthritis. The role that age plays in this inflammatory response is unclear. Purpose: To investigate age-dependent variation in cytokine types and concentrations

Background: Central acetabular stenosis (CAS), defined as an osteophyte within the acetabular fossa, is associated with higher rates of femoral head chondral damage and, when left untreated, inferior short-term outcomes after hip arthroscopic surgery. Central acetabular decompression (CAD) is an arthroscopic technique to resect the osteophyte and resurface the acetabular fossa to improve contact mechanics

Journal Name: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Pages: 199-203

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has emerged as a promising intervention for enhancing health- and exercise-related outcomes. Initially recognized in the 1980s and 1990s for its cardioprotective effects in clinical and animal studies, IPC has since garnered attention for its potential ergogenic benefits. Despite growing interest, the underlying physiological mechanisms remain poorly understood, leading

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) in the presence of excessive posterior tibial slope (PTS) is a well-established risk factor for increased ACL graft forces and a heightened risk of graft failure. Purpose/Hypothesis: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) could mitigate the adverse effects of increased PTS on knee

For decades, physical education (PE) scholars have called for a change to how PE is conceptualised and enacted, highlighting that its current (and persistent) form and focus – organised around physical activities and sports – are not fit for purpose. Much of this change-oriented discourse highlights what is wrong with PE, leading to suggestions about how PE should change in and for the future, for

Background Endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular disease and cardiac events. Numerous studies demonstrate that a reduction in physical activity/exercise levels are associated with poor endothelial function. Yet, these studies use a plethora of models to mimic reduced activity levels which may have widely different results on endothelial function. It is pertinent to collectively

Background: Major League Baseball (MLB) recently instituted a combine for their prospective players. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to report initial epidemiological findings for both physical examination and imaging findings for the MLB Combine. It was hypothesized that most players would have no significant abnormal physical examination findings, but most would have abnormal findings

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures can restore ACL fiber continuity. The relationship between ACL continuity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (sign of ACL healing) and outcomes >5 years after an acute ACL rupture has not been investigated. Purpose: This study aimed to (1) describe clinical outcomes and radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) at 11 years

Background Anthropometric assessment in high-performance sports is complex, requiring both physical and psychological considerations. Despite the increasing number of International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) accredited practitioners, the ethical and practical challenges they face—particularly in applying anthropometric data within dynamic sports environments—remain underexplored

Background: The optimal graft choice for posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PCLR) remains controversial. Purpose: To evaluate and compare the biomechanical and clinical outcomes, as well as the complication and failure rates, associated with the use of Achilles allografts; hamstring tendon (HST), quadriceps tendon (QT), and bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) autografts; and hybrid (HY) grafts

Background: An Achilles tendon rupture is a common orthopaedic injury in athletes and other people. Therefore, it is essential to investigate methods that may yield beneficial results for tendon healing by addressing the inflammatory and gene expression aspects of the healing process. Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of combining aerobic exercise and omega-3 supplementation

Background: Arthroscopic superior capsule reconstruction (ASCR) with combined fascia lata autograft and synthetic scaffold patch graft has been reported to improve graft healing and treat irreparable rotator cuff tears (RCTs). Information about the surgical outcomes of using different synthetic scaffold materials is limited. Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of the ASCR technique using LARS

Background: Anteromedial rotatory instability (AMRI) can result from combined injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) complex (superficial and deep [sMCL and dMCL]). Hypothesis: Adding an oblique anteromedial (AM) limb to an sMCL reconstruction improves the control of AMRI. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A 6 degrees of freedom robotic

Background: Osteochondral allograft transplant and autograft transplant for femoral head defects have emerged as promising treatments for concomitant cartilage and subchondral bone injuries in young patients. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent osteochondral allograft or autograft transplant for femoral head defects and identify any risk factors that

Background: Operative repair of partial proximal hamstring avulsions has been shown to improve pain and function at short- and midterm follow-up. Long-term outcomes have not yet been reported. Furthermore, it is unknown whether greater tendon involvement (ie, tendon number) in partial tears affects clinical outcomes. Hypothesis: Hamstring function and patient satisfaction would remain stable over time

Promoting autonomy-supportive teachers’ behaviour is important for teaching students to take responsibility for their performance and for increasing their level of enjoyment in physical education (PE). Based on self-determination theory, our research aimed to identify the antecedents of PE teachers’ motivational strategies that can facilitate students’ psychological needs satisfaction and positive

Introduction Younger age of first exposure (AFE) to American Football (football) is associated with later-life health problems among former professional athletes in several studies; however, studies examining amateur (i.e., nonprofessional) athletes are less clear. Objective In a cohort of former amateur American Football players, this study assessed whether AFE to football was associated with: (1)

Background: Primary osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCA) of the knee has been shown to improve patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) scores at various follow-up time points. However, studies analyzing the effects of patient sex on primary OCA outcomes remain limited and show conflicting results. Purpose: To compare PROM scores and clinically significant outcome (CSO) achievement rates at

Background: Patellar tendinopathy (PT) is a highly prevalent injury among jumping athletes. The long-term prognosis of athletes with PT following physical therapy is unknown. Purpose: To assess self-perceived recovery rate and the 5-year change in pain levels, disability, and sports participation, and to explore the prognostic factors associated with self-perceived recovery. Study Design: Cohort study;

Background: Elbow flexion at stagnant time points of the pitch has been associated with increased elbow varus torque (EVT) and elbow injury history. Purpose: To determine how elbow flexion angle throughout the pitch (excursion) between individual pitchers and a cohort of pitchers influences throwing arm kinetics in high school (HS) and professional (PRO) pitchers. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory

Journal Name: Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Pages: 185-198

Background: Previous studies have identified predictors of total hip arthroplasty (THA) conversion after hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) at short- to midterm follow-up, yet no studies to the authors’ knowledge have established a scoring system for predicting THA conversion at a minimum 10-year follow-up. Purpose: To create a scoring system to predict 10-year THA

Background: Previous literature shows that current osteochondral allograft (OCA) harvesting techniques lead to donor plug chondrocyte death during OCA transplant for treating focal knee cartilage defects. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of drilling/reaming speed and irrigation temperature on chondrocyte viability during OCA harvest. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: From each human

Background Head acceleration events (HAEs) are an increasing concern in collision sports owing to potential negative health outcomes. Objectives The objective of this study is to describe the probabilities of HAEs in tackles of differing heights and body positions in elite men’s and women’s rugby union. Methods Instrumented mouthguards (iMGs) were worn in men’s (n = 24 teams, 508 players, 782 observations)

Background: The concept of early intervention at the appropriate time has been recognized for treating posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). However, the optimal intervention timing to achieve superior therapeutic efficacy remains unclear. In addition, there is a lack of direct evidence regarding therapeutic efficacies achieved at different time points. Hypothesis: The administration schedule of stem/stromal

Background Perceived physical competence (e.g. perceived motor skills, perceived athletic competence) is hypothesised to mediate the association between actual motor competence and physical activity in children, and this mediated association is expected to be stronger in older children and adolescents. However, no meta-analyses to date have synthesised the hypothesised mediation effect. Objectives

Background Previous research has shown that variants in the AMPD1 gene, which encodes the adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 (AMPD1) protein, may affect energy supply of the muscle and fatigue resistance during high-intensity exercise. A single nucleotide substitution in this gene, specifically a cytosine-to-thymine substitution (c.34C > T; rs17602729), results in a nonsense mutation that causes a

There is substantial international literature on single- and mixed-sex grouping in physical education (PE), much of which focuses on the relative impact on students’ physical activity levels, perceived self-confidence and/or interactions with teachers and peers. A smaller body of research has explored students’ perspectives on single- and/or mixed-sex grouping in PE. However, much of this research

This study explores how newly qualified physical education (PE) teachers experience the meaning of feedback through reflections on their assessment practices. We focus on the use, purpose, and content of feedback in PE practice. Assessment practices in PE have generally been used for grading purposes, often with little connection to the preceding teaching and learning. The educational quality of feedback